A comprehensive and developed system of language that is distinct to a particular geographic area.

The use of various methods of thinking to construct or to understand meaning in oral and written language.

The capacity to use language effectively in a variety of social contexts.

The units of sound in a given language.

The system for the standard use of symbols for writing in a language; the conventional rules of spelling and writing in a language.

An act of communication and a foundational social skill which includes the ability to initiate dialogue, change topics during the conversation, take turns, know what is appropriate to say in the context, speak directly, convey relevant information, and so on.

Competence in sociolinguistics including linguistic aptitude, fluency of expression, and the ability to categorize and order ideas.

The ability to communicate in ways beyond the traditional modes of reading and writing, including in music, dance, visual art, drama, and digital technology.

The level of knowledge that a reader has about language and its phonological and syntactic structures, which includes aptitude in the use and comprehension of a standard system of language.

The objectives and operations of communication in oral or written language.