A teaching approach in which children ask questions, pursue the investigation of answers and prioritize their tasks.

The firing of neurons in the brain of someone observing another person in an emotional state which occur in the same area of the brain as the person feeling that emotion.

A feeling of belonging to a group.

A type of empathetic arousal in which an adult identifies and names the emotion experienced by a child.

The belief that the actions of an individual influence the outcomes of the group and that the actions of the group influence the outcomes for the individual. One aspect of a sense of community.

A strategy in which a parent or caregiver explains the possible results of a child’s action on another person.

Association with a group based on the belief that the group will meet the needs of its members. One aspect of an individual’s sense of community.

An emotional state which arises in one individual which is based on the circumstances of another individual. An affective response that is appropriate for the circumstances of another.

Empathetic arousal based on an individual seeing someone in a difficult situation, thinking of a similar situation from his or her past, and feeling concern for the person.

Actions that show lack of concern for the well-being or rights of others, including lying, stealing, bullying, physical violence, etc.