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Home›Matthew Lynch›Disengaged Students, Part 1: How did American Anti-Intellectualism Begin?

Disengaged Students, Part 1: How did American Anti-Intellectualism Begin?

By Matthew Lynch
January 13, 2017
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In this 20-part series, I explore the root causes and effects of academic disengagement in K-12 learners and explore the factors driving American society ever closer to being a nation that lacks intellectualism, or the pursuit of knowledge for knowledge’s sake.

Americans pride themselves on their high ideals. On national holidays Americans delight in quoting phrases like “all men are created equal” and “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” The ideologies of freedom of religion, democratic government, and socio-economic mobility are ingrained in American children beginning in pre-K educational settings. While these ideologies are admired from a distance, real progress in reaching these goals is undercut by a growing national trend: anti-intellectualism.

The Why of Academic Disengagement

College students today are more academically disengaged than ever before, and this is a direct result of their K-12 classroom experiences. A UCLA survey found that college freshmen in 1997 had spent less time than any previous freshman class on homework and extracurricular activities when they were in high school. K-12 students are shaped by a media-frenzied society which promotes instant gratification and by an educational system that tries simultaneously to compete with attention-grabbing media and to keep all students on the same plane by watering lessons down. The outcome is a growing group of students who know much less than their ancestors did, and who care very little for educational pursuits that do not immediately affect their day-to-day lifestyles.

Academic disengagement does not discriminate. In his book Beyond the Classroom, researcher Laurence Steinberg finds that economic status, race and ethnicity do not have a much of an impact on K-12 student engagement. Steinberg concludes that anti-intellectualism and the accompanying disinterest in educational pursuits is a nationwide epidemic and that the number of students who simply do not care about what is being taught has never been higher. This is what might be expected from students who approach educational pursuits with a feeling of entitlement based on years of low expectations in education settings.  When students encounter a teacher who demands more than some of their previous instructors they become resentful and feel they should not be asked to do so much. A course with difficult requirements is written off by students as being “unfair.”

A Nation of Slackers?

Though the “slacker” mentality certainly affects students in other countries, American students are the poster children for this syndrome. More American children are attending college than ever before, but these students are less interested in what is being taught than their predecessors were. The push for equality in education, starting with the youngest pre-K students, has devalued educational content. Instead of raising the standards for all children, the US has lowered the educational bar under the guise of giving everyone a fair shot.  But in fact equality in educational opportunities and the demands placed on students are not necessarily correlated; difficulty and complexity of education need not suffer in order to promote equal opportunity. Dumbing down American students is not a formula for progress in future generations.

The U.S. has been affected by anti-rationalism and by self-contradiction from its earliest days. The founding fathers wrote movingly about inalienable rights and freedom from persecution, but they avoided outlawing slavery or giving women a share in the governance of the new country when they signed their names to formative documents. The liberties they outlined could be afforded only if they did not stand in the way of personal gain.

This is not to say that the signers of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights were completely devoid of intellectualism or that they were narrow-minded.  They poured over documents like the 13th century Magna Carta and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s 1762 Of the Social Contract to seek guidance for setting up a fair government that blended the best of what was already in existence with fresh, all-American ideas.

There was really no way in which the elite group of men entrusted with writing the country’s blueprints could have addressed every political or social issue with surety, but thankfully they knew enough to include reasonable avenues for change in the future. That “open for interpretation” mentality, however, has handicapped intellectual pursuits since the dawning of this great nation.

Roots in Anti-Intellectualism

From America’s earliest days as a nation to the present day a war between intellectualism, defined by the Oxford Dictionary as the “theory that knowledge is wholly or mainly derived from pure reason,” and its enemy anti-intellectualism, often entrenched with deep emotional and spiritual attachments, has raged.  Though less vehement during certain periods of time, particularly prosperous ones, the battle for the adaptation of rational thought in American society has always been present.

It would seem, however, that the nation in the first quarter of the 21st century is in a particularly heightened state of polarization in the intellectualism spectrum. Despite attempts to broaden their world view, and expanding ability to communicate beyond the barriers of the past, Americans seem to be trending toward further division when it comes to the controversial issues of the day. Consider creationism versus evolutionary theory – one is based solely on faith and the other on science, yes the latter is still called into question when taught in certain areas of the country.

So how can the pursuit of intellectual knowledge be regained in our K-12 classrooms? Or is it past the point of no return?

 

Tagsanti-intellectualismcurriculumdisengaged students seriesedchatEducationeducation reformelemchatgblk12learningpblpblchatschoolsteacher
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9 comments

  1. Richard Baker 13 January, 2017 at 18:47 Reply

    Please accept our thanks and congratulations on the success of your current series on disengaged students. As a teacher i must say that you pointed out several things that I will remember for years to come. I look forward to reading your next informative work. Thank you.

  2. Kristi West 13 January, 2017 at 23:48 Reply

    First, the disengagement of students has less to do with what happens in K-12 education than with the attitudes promoted by the entertainment industry. Students are PREOCCUPIED with video games and social media. Secondly, contrary to the article, socio-economic levels are a tremendous predictor of student success and failure.

  3. Brooke 27 January, 2017 at 18:31 Reply

    What is the role of news media? I find it to be an insult to intelligence to watch how the media currently handles the news. Perhaps the media tells us what to think and we’ve now forgotten how to think for ourselves. Looking forward to reading more about this topic.

  4. Geoff Livingston 6 February, 2017 at 21:22 Reply

    An incredibly powerful series. Thank you for writing this.

    • Matthew Lynch 7 February, 2017 at 00:38 Reply

      Thanks.

  5. Can We Inspire Intellectualism through Engagement - Legends of Learning 8 February, 2017 at 20:07 Reply

    […] the post-truth era, American society has come to devalue intellectualism. Twitter wars and opining about “alternative” facts take precedence. This lack of commitment to […]

  6. TKG LISTEN: Disengaged students the symptom or the catalyst? – The Knowing Garden Community School 10 December, 2017 at 17:24 Reply

    […] Read more at The Edvocate, click here. […]

  7. Weekly Newsletter #12: Connection First, Commitment Next (Redwoods, Ages 7-9) – The Knowing Garden Community School 10 December, 2017 at 17:30 Reply

    […] Read more @TheEdvocate […]

  8. It’s school choice week. Tell me again why we need it? | Citizen Ed 22 January, 2018 at 11:37 Reply

    […] they make up a nation of kids mismatched with schools that fail to engage their interests, passions, and needs. Those kids, too often invisible, are why I participate in school choice week […]

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