When it comes to teaching history, it’s important to focus on the individuals that shaped our past. One such couple that made a significant impact in the Byzantine Empire was Justinian and Theodora. They were two of the most important figures in the history of Byzantium and their influence is still felt today.

Justinian was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527-565 A.D. He was responsible for significant military campaigns, including defeating the Persians and reclaiming parts of Italy, and his architectural legacy can still be seen in the Hagia Sophia, a stunningly beautiful church located in Istanbul, Turkey.

However, what was even more important than Justinian’s military successes and architectural achievements was the legal reform that he implemented. Justinian’s codification of Roman law, known as the Justinian Code, is still studied and revered by legal scholars today. This code set the foundation for legal systems around the world and it established principles such as the presumption of innocence, the right to a fair trial, and the idea that the law should be accessible to all.

Theodora, Justinian’s wife, is often viewed as one of the most powerful women in Roman history. She was born into poverty but became an actress, which allowed her to make connections and eventually meet Justinian. The two became companions and partners in ruling the Byzantine Empire.

Theodora was an important advisor to Justinian and used her influence to push for reform in areas such as women’s rights, religious tolerance, and the rights of slaves. She was also known for her fierce opposition to the blue faction in chariot races, which earned her the nickname “the Phoenix,” as she rose from the ashes of defeat time and time again.

When teaching students about Justinian and Theodora, it’s important to focus on their many accomplishments and their legacy. We can teach our students about Justinian’s legal reform and Theodora’s role as an advisor and champion of human rights, all while emphasizing the importance of history and how it shapes the world we live in today.