An approach to screening that targets specific populations of children such as those in high-risk groups. This type of screening may also be instituted at certain developmental points in time including important milestones such as just before kindergarten.

A large-scale screening used for early identification that attempts to assess every child in a specific population. This type of mass screening is often encouraged by the federal government and legislation.

An important measure for screening that provides an indicator of the accuracy of the screening measure.

When an assessment or screening leads to a referral for an issue that the child does not actually have.

When an assessment or screening demonstrates that the child does not have a target problem despite manifesting symptoms of that problem. False negatives lead to a delay in services and a prolonged issue for these children and their families.

How information is collected about a child by examiners and early intervention teams.

A test for newborns immediately after birth that measures the heart rate, breathing effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and skin tone.

A test where the adult will identify an object for a child and multiply it, asking the child to change the morpheme.

When the first set of test scores are extremely high or low by random chance, the next set of test scores are more likely to move back toward the average.

When a test cannot distinguish the scores and learning of gifted students who tend to be high achievers.