The stereotyping of an individual or group based on perceived differences from other individuals or groups. Biases can be conscious or sub-conscious and may pertain to race, religion, culture, intelligence or other characteristics.
The interactions of individuals in a group which draw them together. The importance, desirability, frequency, and intensity of these interactions are an important element for creating a sense of community.
Empathetic arousal through an individual’s ability to picture the mental state of another person in his or her mind and thereby understand that person’s thoughts, emotions, and goals.
The copying of the facial expressions, posture or vocal tone of someone feeling distressed by another person, resulting in the observer experiencing the same emotion.
The firing of neurons in the brain of someone observing another person in an emotional state which occur in the same area of the brain as the person feeling that emotion.