Graphic form representations of the relationships between topics, ideas, and details. Examples include semantic webs, mapping, and the herringbone technique.

Learning characterized by students working together with a partner or in small groups to better understand their reading of a text.

The second phase of reading which involves a reader’s direct interaction with the text.

The ability to examine, analyze, and raise meaningful questions about the validity of an author’s message and the strength of the perspectives or arguments put forth.

Ongoing observation and assessment of one’s understanding of the content while engaged in the act of reading.

A reading method that uses four comprehension techniques (previewing, “click” and “clunk,” get the gist, and wrap-up) to help students employ effective tactics as they read.

The systematic structures that highlight the key elements of a story, including the setting, initiating event, a reaction, a goal, an attempt, an outcome, and a solution.

A list of keywords meant to guide the organization of written stories through enumeration, generalization, comparison or contrast, sequencing, or question and answer. Through the structure provided, students can express their knowledge of the narrative structure.

An in-depth reading of, interpretation and analysis of, and reflection on a novel or set of related stories.

Small groups of students read the same book and gather regularly during class time to discuss the book in a deeper way. The hope is that this method improves reading comprehension and critical thinking in a fun, interactive way. The circles can be comprised of a few students who have