An individual’s perception that they have no control over their life and the world around them. That outcomes are based on luck, are the fault of others or chance.

An individual’s perception that they are in control of outcomes in their own life and their fate.

A term for when an individual with significant mental disabilities exhibits extremely high capabilities on a narrow topic. Examples include autistic individuals with exceptional math capabilities or individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia who are talented artists.

The capacity to perceive things through the senses – see, hear, feel, taste, and smell.

Education, behavioral or health service strategies that help a student with a mental disability develop and improve their quality of life.

When a child does not display the correct response to sensory activity, such as sudden sounds or bright lights. Children with this disorder sometimes have issues with alterations of their daily routine, the taste or consistency of some foods or the sensation of certain types of cloth on their skin.