A reading strategy which aims to help students relate their personal experiences to the main events in a story through various stages: discuss experiences (experience step), read the text (text step), and connect the experiences to the story (relationship step).

Having the skills to use language proficiently in a variety of social contexts.

The act of switching between dialects or language varieties in different settings and based on whom one is conversing with.

The process of mixing vernacular and world dialects with standard English to communicate with a broader audience and reflect the diversity in society.

The aptitude for certain forms of social interaction including conversational language.

Communication through visual representations; conveying meaning through the use of images.

Independent activities that cultivate positive attitudes, interests, and literacy habits.

A reader who uses the strategies, and possesses the skills and reading level appropriate for his or her age and grade.

The act of generating and transmitting a verbal or written message.

The process of receiving, deciphering, and understanding a written or oral message.