Less instinctive responses to a child’s underachievement that may lead the child to change their actions and achievement patterns in the future.

A student engaging in inappropriate behavior to avoid participating in an activity. An avoidance response.

A student’s avoidance of participation in activities. An avoidance response.

An underachiever’s focus of blame on the school or an authority figure, outlining points of failure in detail to avoid taking responsibility for their outcomes.

A student’s belief that they cannot grow and improve their capabilities.

A student’s pursuit of multiple goals that may induce stress or exhaustion to preserve self-concept. A defense mechanism.

A student who judges himself or herself to have little worth, possibly because of a disorder.

A student who is aware of his or her strengths and weaknesses and has a positive image of himself or herself.

Group care programs for infants and young children with working parents which focused on basic care.

Behaviors that show a willingness to help others including sharing, comforting individuals who are sad or distressed and taking turns.